Module java.sql
Package java.sql

Interface Statement

All Superinterfaces:
AutoCloseable, Wrapper
All Known Subinterfaces:
CallableStatement, PreparedStatement
public interface Statement extends Wrapper, AutoCloseable

The object used for executing a static SQL statement and returning the results it produces.

By default, only one ResultSet object per Statement object can be open at the same time. Therefore, if the reading of one ResultSet object is interleaved with the reading of another, each must have been generated by different Statement objects. All execution methods in the Statement interface implicitly close a current ResultSet object of the statement if an open one exists.

Since:
1.1
See Also:

  • Field Summary

    Fields
    Modifier and Type
    Field
    Description
    static final int
    CLOSE_ALL_RESULTS
    The constant indicating that all ResultSet objects that have previously been kept open should be closed when calling getMoreResults.
    static final int
    CLOSE_CURRENT_RESULT
    The constant indicating that the current ResultSet object should be closed when calling getMoreResults.
    static final int
    EXECUTE_FAILED
    The constant indicating that an error occurred while executing a batch statement.
    static final int
    KEEP_CURRENT_RESULT
    The constant indicating that the current ResultSet object should not be closed when calling getMoreResults.
    static final int
    NO_GENERATED_KEYS
    The constant indicating that generated keys should not be made available for retrieval.
    static final int
    RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS
    The constant indicating that generated keys should be made available for retrieval.
    static final int
    SUCCESS_NO_INFO
    The constant indicating that a batch statement executed successfully but that no count of the number of rows it affected is available.

  • Method Summary

    Modifier and Type
    Method
    Description
    void
    addBatch(String sql)
    Adds the given SQL command to the current list of commands for this Statement object.
    void
    cancel()
    Cancels this Statement object if both the DBMS and driver support aborting an SQL statement.
    void
    clearBatch()
    Empties this Statement object's current list of SQL commands.
    void
    clearWarnings()
    Clears all the warnings reported on this Statement object.
    void
    close()
    Releases this Statement object's database and JDBC resources immediately instead of waiting for this to happen when it is automatically closed.
    void
    closeOnCompletion()
    Specifies that this Statement will be closed when all its dependent result sets are closed.
    default String
    enquoteIdentifier(String identifier, boolean alwaysQuote)
    Returns a SQL identifier.
    default String
    enquoteLiteral(String val)
    Returns a String enclosed in single quotes.
    default String
    enquoteNCharLiteral(String val)
    Returns a String representing a National Character Set Literal enclosed in single quotes and prefixed with a upper case letter N.
    boolean
    execute(String sql)
    Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results.
    boolean
    execute(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys)
    Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results, and signals the driver that any auto-generated keys should be made available for retrieval.
    boolean
    execute(String sql, int[] columnIndexes)
    Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results, and signals the driver that the auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available for retrieval.
    boolean
    execute(String sql, String[] columnNames)
    Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results, and signals the driver that the auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available for retrieval.
    int[]
    executeBatch()
    Submits a batch of commands to the database for execution and if all commands execute successfully, returns an array of update counts.
    default long[]
    executeLargeBatch()
    Submits a batch of commands to the database for execution and if all commands execute successfully, returns an array of update counts.
    default long
    executeLargeUpdate(String sql)
    Executes the given SQL statement, which may be an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as an SQL DDL statement.
    default long
    executeLargeUpdate(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys)
    Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver with the given flag about whether the auto-generated keys produced by this Statement object should be made available for retrieval.
    default long
    executeLargeUpdate(String sql, int[] columnIndexes)
    Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available for retrieval.
    default long
    executeLargeUpdate(String sql, String[] columnNames)
    Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available for retrieval.
    ResultSet
    executeQuery(String sql)
    Executes the given SQL statement, which returns a single ResultSet object.
    int
    executeUpdate(String sql)
    Executes the given SQL statement, which may be an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as an SQL DDL statement.
    int
    executeUpdate(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys)
    Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver with the given flag about whether the auto-generated keys produced by this Statement object should be made available for retrieval.
    int
    executeUpdate(String sql, int[] columnIndexes)
    Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available for retrieval.
    int
    executeUpdate(String sql, String[] columnNames)
    Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available for retrieval.
    Connection
    getConnection()
    Retrieves the Connection object that produced this Statement object.
    int
    getFetchDirection()
    Retrieves the direction for fetching rows from database tables that is the default for result sets generated from this Statement object.
    int
    getFetchSize()
    Retrieves the number of result set rows that is the default fetch size for ResultSet objects generated from this Statement object.
    ResultSet
    getGeneratedKeys()
    Retrieves any auto-generated keys created as a result of executing this Statement object.
    default long
    getLargeMaxRows()
    Retrieves the maximum number of rows that a ResultSet object produced by this Statement object can contain.
    default long
    getLargeUpdateCount()
    Retrieves the current result as an update count; if the result is a ResultSet object or there are no more results, -1 is returned.
    int
    getMaxFieldSize()
    Retrieves the maximum number of bytes that can be returned for character and binary column values in a ResultSet object produced by this Statement object.
    int
    getMaxRows()
    Retrieves the maximum number of rows that a ResultSet object produced by this Statement object can contain.
    boolean
    getMoreResults()
    Moves to this Statement object's next result, returns true if it is a ResultSet object, and implicitly closes any current ResultSet object(s) obtained with the method getResultSet.
    boolean
    getMoreResults(int current)
    Moves to this Statement object's next result, deals with any current ResultSet object(s) according to the instructions specified by the given flag, and returns true if the next result is a ResultSet object.
    int
    getQueryTimeout()
    Retrieves the number of seconds the driver will wait for a Statement object to execute.
    ResultSet
    getResultSet()
    Retrieves the current result as a ResultSet object.
    int
    getResultSetConcurrency()
    Retrieves the result set concurrency for ResultSet objects generated by this Statement object.
    int
    getResultSetHoldability()
    Retrieves the result set holdability for ResultSet objects generated by this Statement object.
    int
    getResultSetType()
    Retrieves the result set type for ResultSet objects generated by this Statement object.
    int
    getUpdateCount()
    Retrieves the current result as an update count; if the result is a ResultSet object or there are no more results, -1 is returned.
    SQLWarning
    getWarnings()
    Retrieves the first warning reported by calls on this Statement object.
    boolean
    isClosed()
    Retrieves whether this Statement object has been closed.
    boolean
    isCloseOnCompletion()
    Returns a value indicating whether this Statement will be closed when all its dependent result sets are closed.
    boolean
    isPoolable()
    Returns a value indicating whether the Statement is poolable or not.
    default boolean
    isSimpleIdentifier(String identifier)
    Retrieves whether identifier is a simple SQL identifier.
    void
    setCursorName(String name)
    Sets the SQL cursor name to the given String, which will be used by subsequent Statement object execute methods.
    void
    setEscapeProcessing(boolean enable)
    Sets escape processing on or off.
    void
    setFetchDirection(int direction)
    Gives the driver a hint as to the direction in which rows will be processed in ResultSet objects created using this Statement object.
    void
    setFetchSize(int rows)
    Gives the JDBC driver a hint as to the number of rows that should be fetched from the database when more rows are needed for ResultSet objects generated by this Statement.
    default void
    setLargeMaxRows(long max)
    Sets the limit for the maximum number of rows that any ResultSet object generated by this Statement object can contain to the given number.
    void
    setMaxFieldSize(int max)
    Sets the limit for the maximum number of bytes that can be returned for character and binary column values in a ResultSet object produced by this Statement object.
    void
    setMaxRows(int max)
    Sets the limit for the maximum number of rows that any ResultSet object generated by this Statement object can contain to the given number.
    void
    setPoolable(boolean poolable)
    Requests that a Statement be pooled or not pooled.
    void
    setQueryTimeout(int seconds)
    Sets the number of seconds the driver will wait for a Statement object to execute to the given number of seconds.

    Methods declared in interface java.sql.Wrapper

    isWrapperFor, unwrap

  • Field Details

    • CLOSE_CURRENT_RESULT

      static final int CLOSE_CURRENT_RESULT
      The constant indicating that the current ResultSet object should be closed when calling getMoreResults.
      Since:
      1.4
      See Also:

    • KEEP_CURRENT_RESULT

      static final int KEEP_CURRENT_RESULT
      The constant indicating that the current ResultSet object should not be closed when calling getMoreResults.
      Since:
      1.4
      See Also:

    • CLOSE_ALL_RESULTS

      static final int CLOSE_ALL_RESULTS
      The constant indicating that all ResultSet objects that have previously been kept open should be closed when calling getMoreResults.
      Since:
      1.4
      See Also:

    • SUCCESS_NO_INFO

      static final int SUCCESS_NO_INFO
      The constant indicating that a batch statement executed successfully but that no count of the number of rows it affected is available.
      Since:
      1.4
      See Also:

    • EXECUTE_FAILED

      static final int EXECUTE_FAILED
      The constant indicating that an error occurred while executing a batch statement.
      Since:
      1.4
      See Also:

    • RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS

      static final int RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS
      The constant indicating that generated keys should be made available for retrieval.
      Since:
      1.4
      See Also:

    • NO_GENERATED_KEYS

      static final int NO_GENERATED_KEYS
      The constant indicating that generated keys should not be made available for retrieval.
      Since:
      1.4
      See Also:

  • Method Details

    • executeQuery

      ResultSet executeQuery(String sql) throws SQLException
      Executes the given SQL statement, which returns a single ResultSet object.

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      Parameters:
      sql - an SQL statement to be sent to the database, typically a static SQL SELECT statement
      Returns:
      a ResultSet object that contains the data produced by the given query; never null
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement, the given SQL statement produces anything other than a single ResultSet object, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement

    • executeUpdate

      int executeUpdate(String sql) throws SQLException
      Executes the given SQL statement, which may be an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as an SQL DDL statement.

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      Parameters:
      sql - an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as a DDL statement.
      Returns:
      either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement, the given SQL statement produces a ResultSet object, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement

    • close

      void close() throws SQLException
      Releases this Statement object's database and JDBC resources immediately instead of waiting for this to happen when it is automatically closed. It is generally good practice to release resources as soon as you are finished with them to avoid tying up database resources.

      Calling the method close on a Statement object that is already closed has no effect.

      Note:When a Statement object is closed, its current ResultSet object, if one exists, is also closed.

      Specified by:
      close in interface AutoCloseable
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs

    • getMaxFieldSize

      int getMaxFieldSize() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the maximum number of bytes that can be returned for character and binary column values in a ResultSet object produced by this Statement object. This limit applies only to BINARY, VARBINARY, LONGVARBINARY, CHAR, VARCHAR, NCHAR, NVARCHAR, LONGNVARCHAR and LONGVARCHAR columns. If the limit is exceeded, the excess data is silently discarded.
      Returns:
      the current column size limit for columns storing character and binary values; zero means there is no limit
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      See Also:

    • setMaxFieldSize

      void setMaxFieldSize(int max) throws SQLException
      Sets the limit for the maximum number of bytes that can be returned for character and binary column values in a ResultSet object produced by this Statement object. This limit applies only to BINARY, VARBINARY, LONGVARBINARY, CHAR, VARCHAR, NCHAR, NVARCHAR, LONGNVARCHAR and LONGVARCHAR fields. If the limit is exceeded, the excess data is silently discarded. For maximum portability, use values greater than 256.
      Parameters:
      max - the new column size limit in bytes; zero means there is no limit
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement or the condition max >= 0 is not satisfied
      See Also:

    • getMaxRows

      int getMaxRows() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the maximum number of rows that a ResultSet object produced by this Statement object can contain. If this limit is exceeded, the excess rows are silently dropped.
      Returns:
      the current maximum number of rows for a ResultSet object produced by this Statement object; zero means there is no limit
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      See Also:

    • setMaxRows

      void setMaxRows(int max) throws SQLException
      Sets the limit for the maximum number of rows that any ResultSet object generated by this Statement object can contain to the given number. If the limit is exceeded, the excess rows are silently dropped.
      Parameters:
      max - the new max rows limit; zero means there is no limit
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement or the condition max >= 0 is not satisfied
      See Also:

    • setEscapeProcessing

      void setEscapeProcessing(boolean enable) throws SQLException
      Sets escape processing on or off. If escape scanning is on (the default), the driver will do escape substitution before sending the SQL statement to the database.

      The Connection and DataSource property escapeProcessing may be used to change the default escape processing behavior. A value of true (the default) enables escape Processing for all Statement objects. A value of false disables escape processing for all Statement objects. The setEscapeProcessing method may be used to specify the escape processing behavior for an individual Statement object.

      Note: Since prepared statements have usually been parsed prior to making this call, disabling escape processing for PreparedStatements objects will have no effect.

      Parameters:
      enable - true to enable escape processing; false to disable it
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement

    • getQueryTimeout

      int getQueryTimeout() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the number of seconds the driver will wait for a Statement object to execute. If the limit is exceeded, a SQLException is thrown.
      Returns:
      the current query timeout limit in seconds; zero means there is no limit
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      See Also:

    • setQueryTimeout

      void setQueryTimeout(int seconds) throws SQLException
      Sets the number of seconds the driver will wait for a Statement object to execute to the given number of seconds. By default there is no limit on the amount of time allowed for a running statement to complete. If the limit is exceeded, an SQLTimeoutException is thrown. A JDBC driver must apply this limit to the execute, executeQuery and executeUpdate methods.

      Note: JDBC driver implementations may also apply this limit to ResultSet methods (consult your driver vendor documentation for details).

      Note: In the case of Statement batching, it is implementation defined as to whether the time-out is applied to individual SQL commands added via the addBatch method or to the entire batch of SQL commands invoked by the executeBatch method (consult your driver vendor documentation for details).

      Parameters:
      seconds - the new query timeout limit in seconds; zero means there is no limit
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement or the condition seconds >= 0 is not satisfied
      See Also:

    • cancel

      void cancel() throws SQLException
      Cancels this Statement object if both the DBMS and driver support aborting an SQL statement. This method can be used by one thread to cancel a statement that is being executed by another thread.
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if the JDBC driver does not support this method

    • getWarnings

      SQLWarning getWarnings() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the first warning reported by calls on this Statement object. Subsequent Statement object warnings will be chained to this SQLWarning object.

      The warning chain is automatically cleared each time a statement is (re)executed. This method may not be called on a closed Statement object; doing so will cause an SQLException to be thrown.

      Note: If you are processing a ResultSet object, any warnings associated with reads on that ResultSet object will be chained on it rather than on the Statement object that produced it.

      Returns:
      the first SQLWarning object or null if there are no warnings
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement

    • clearWarnings

      void clearWarnings() throws SQLException
      Clears all the warnings reported on this Statement object. After a call to this method, the method getWarnings will return null until a new warning is reported for this Statement object.
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement

    • setCursorName

      void setCursorName(String name) throws SQLException
      Sets the SQL cursor name to the given String, which will be used by subsequent Statement object execute methods. This name can then be used in SQL positioned update or delete statements to identify the current row in the ResultSet object generated by this statement. If the database does not support positioned update/delete, this method is a noop. To insure that a cursor has the proper isolation level to support updates, the cursor's SELECT statement should have the form SELECT FOR UPDATE. If FOR UPDATE is not present, positioned updates may fail.

      Note: By definition, the execution of positioned updates and deletes must be done by a different Statement object than the one that generated the ResultSet object being used for positioning. Also, cursor names must be unique within a connection.

      Parameters:
      name - the new cursor name, which must be unique within a connection
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if the JDBC driver does not support this method

    • execute

      boolean execute(String sql) throws SQLException
      Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results. In some (uncommon) situations, a single SQL statement may return multiple result sets and/or update counts. Normally you can ignore this unless you are (1) executing a stored procedure that you know may return multiple results or (2) you are dynamically executing an unknown SQL string.

      The execute method executes an SQL statement and indicates the form of the first result. You must then use the methods getResultSet or getUpdateCount to retrieve the result, and getMoreResults to move to any subsequent result(s).

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      Parameters:
      sql - any SQL statement
      Returns:
      true if the first result is a ResultSet object; false if it is an update count or there are no results
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
      See Also:

    • getResultSet

      ResultSet getResultSet() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the current result as a ResultSet object. This method should be called only once per result.
      Returns:
      the current result as a ResultSet object or null if the result is an update count or there are no more results
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      See Also:

    • getUpdateCount

      int getUpdateCount() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the current result as an update count; if the result is a ResultSet object or there are no more results, -1 is returned. This method should be called only once per result.
      Returns:
      the current result as an update count; -1 if the current result is a ResultSet object or there are no more results
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      See Also:

    • getMoreResults

      boolean getMoreResults() throws SQLException
      Moves to this Statement object's next result, returns true if it is a ResultSet object, and implicitly closes any current ResultSet object(s) obtained with the method getResultSet.

      There are no more results when the following is true: 

      
     // stmt is a Statement object
     ((stmt.getMoreResults() == false) && (stmt.getUpdateCount() == -1))
      Returns:
      true if the next result is a ResultSet object; false if it is an update count or there are no more results
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      See Also:

    • setFetchDirection

      void setFetchDirection(int direction) throws SQLException
      Gives the driver a hint as to the direction in which rows will be processed in ResultSet objects created using this Statement object. The default value is ResultSet.FETCH_FORWARD.

      Note that this method sets the default fetch direction for result sets generated by this Statement object. Each result set has its own methods for getting and setting its own fetch direction.

      Parameters:
      direction - the initial direction for processing rows
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement or the given direction is not one of ResultSet.FETCH_FORWARD, ResultSet.FETCH_REVERSE, or ResultSet.FETCH_UNKNOWN
      Since:
      1.2
      See Also:

    • getFetchDirection

      int getFetchDirection() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the direction for fetching rows from database tables that is the default for result sets generated from this Statement object. If this Statement object has not set a fetch direction by calling the method setFetchDirection, the return value is implementation-specific.
      Returns:
      the default fetch direction for result sets generated from this Statement object
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      Since:
      1.2
      See Also:

    • setFetchSize

      void setFetchSize(int rows) throws SQLException
      Gives the JDBC driver a hint as to the number of rows that should be fetched from the database when more rows are needed for ResultSet objects generated by this Statement. If the value specified is zero, then the hint is ignored. The default value is zero.
      Parameters:
      rows - the number of rows to fetch
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement or the condition rows >= 0 is not satisfied.
      Since:
      1.2
      See Also:

    • getFetchSize

      int getFetchSize() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the number of result set rows that is the default fetch size for ResultSet objects generated from this Statement object. If this Statement object has not set a fetch size by calling the method setFetchSize, the return value is implementation-specific.
      Returns:
      the default fetch size for result sets generated from this Statement object
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      Since:
      1.2
      See Also:

    • getResultSetConcurrency

      int getResultSetConcurrency() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the result set concurrency for ResultSet objects generated by this Statement object.
      Returns:
      either ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY or ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      Since:
      1.2

    • getResultSetType

      int getResultSetType() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the result set type for ResultSet objects generated by this Statement object.
      Returns:
      one of ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY, ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, or ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      Since:
      1.2

    • addBatch

      void addBatch(String sql) throws SQLException
      Adds the given SQL command to the current list of commands for this Statement object. The commands in this list can be executed as a batch by calling the method executeBatch.

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      Parameters:
      sql - typically this is a SQL INSERT or UPDATE statement
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement, the driver does not support batch updates, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      Since:
      1.2
      See Also:

    • clearBatch

      void clearBatch() throws SQLException
      Empties this Statement object's current list of SQL commands.
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement or the driver does not support batch updates
      Since:
      1.2
      See Also:

    • executeBatch

      int[] executeBatch() throws SQLException
      Submits a batch of commands to the database for execution and if all commands execute successfully, returns an array of update counts. The int elements of the array that is returned are ordered to correspond to the commands in the batch, which are ordered according to the order in which they were added to the batch. The elements in the array returned by the method executeBatch may be one of the following:
      1. A number greater than or equal to zero -- indicates that the command was processed successfully and is an update count giving the number of rows in the database that were affected by the command's execution
      2. A value of SUCCESS_NO_INFO -- indicates that the command was processed successfully but that the number of rows affected is unknown

        If one of the commands in a batch update fails to execute properly, this method throws a BatchUpdateException, and a JDBC driver may or may not continue to process the remaining commands in the batch. However, the driver's behavior must be consistent with a particular DBMS, either always continuing to process commands or never continuing to process commands. If the driver continues processing after a failure, the array returned by the method BatchUpdateException.getUpdateCounts will contain as many elements as there are commands in the batch, and at least one of the elements will be the following:

      3. A value of EXECUTE_FAILED -- indicates that the command failed to execute successfully and occurs only if a driver continues to process commands after a command fails

      The possible implementations and return values have been modified in the Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, version 1.3 to accommodate the option of continuing to process commands in a batch update after a BatchUpdateException object has been thrown.

      Returns:
      an array of update counts containing one element for each command in the batch. The elements of the array are ordered according to the order in which commands were added to the batch.
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement or the driver does not support batch statements. Throws BatchUpdateException (a subclass of SQLException) if one of the commands sent to the database fails to execute properly or attempts to return a result set.
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
      Since:
      1.2
      See Also:

    • getConnection

      Connection getConnection() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the Connection object that produced this Statement object.
      Returns:
      the connection that produced this statement
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      Since:
      1.2

    • getMoreResults

      boolean getMoreResults(int current) throws SQLException
      Moves to this Statement object's next result, deals with any current ResultSet object(s) according to the instructions specified by the given flag, and returns true if the next result is a ResultSet object.

      There are no more results when the following is true: 

      
     // stmt is a Statement object
     ((stmt.getMoreResults(current) == false) && (stmt.getUpdateCount() == -1))
      Parameters:
      current - one of the following Statement constants indicating what should happen to current ResultSet objects obtained using the method getResultSet: Statement.CLOSE_CURRENT_RESULT, Statement.KEEP_CURRENT_RESULT, or Statement.CLOSE_ALL_RESULTS
      Returns:
      true if the next result is a ResultSet object; false if it is an update count or there are no more results
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement or the argument supplied is not one of the following: Statement.CLOSE_CURRENT_RESULT, Statement.KEEP_CURRENT_RESULT or Statement.CLOSE_ALL_RESULTS
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if DatabaseMetaData.supportsMultipleOpenResults returns false and either Statement.KEEP_CURRENT_RESULT or Statement.CLOSE_ALL_RESULTS are supplied as the argument.
      Since:
      1.4
      See Also:

    • getGeneratedKeys

      ResultSet getGeneratedKeys() throws SQLException
      Retrieves any auto-generated keys created as a result of executing this Statement object. If this Statement object did not generate any keys, an empty ResultSet object is returned.

      Note:If the columns which represent the auto-generated keys were not specified, the JDBC driver implementation will determine the columns which best represent the auto-generated keys.

      Returns:
      a ResultSet object containing the auto-generated key(s) generated by the execution of this Statement object
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if the JDBC driver does not support this method
      Since:
      1.4

    • executeUpdate

      int executeUpdate(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys) throws SQLException
      Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver with the given flag about whether the auto-generated keys produced by this Statement object should be made available for retrieval. The driver will ignore the flag if the SQL statement is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      Parameters:
      sql - an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as a DDL statement.
      autoGeneratedKeys - a flag indicating whether auto-generated keys should be made available for retrieval; one of the following constants: Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS
      Returns:
      either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement, the given SQL statement returns a ResultSet object, the given constant is not one of those allowed, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if the JDBC driver does not support this method with a constant of Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
      Since:
      1.4

    • executeUpdate

      int executeUpdate(String sql, int[] columnIndexes) throws SQLException
      Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available for retrieval. This array contains the indexes of the columns in the target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      Parameters:
      sql - an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as a DDL statement.
      columnIndexes - an array of column indexes indicating the columns that should be returned from the inserted row
      Returns:
      either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement, the SQL statement returns a ResultSet object,the second argument supplied to this method is not an int array whose elements are valid column indexes, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if the JDBC driver does not support this method
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
      Since:
      1.4

    • executeUpdate

      int executeUpdate(String sql, String[] columnNames) throws SQLException
      Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available for retrieval. This array contains the names of the columns in the target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      Parameters:
      sql - an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as a DDL statement.
      columnNames - an array of the names of the columns that should be returned from the inserted row
      Returns:
      either the row count for INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statements, or 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement, the SQL statement returns a ResultSet object, the second argument supplied to this method is not a String array whose elements are valid column names, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if the JDBC driver does not support this method
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
      Since:
      1.4

    • execute

      boolean execute(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys) throws SQLException
      Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results, and signals the driver that any auto-generated keys should be made available for retrieval. The driver will ignore this signal if the SQL statement is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

      In some (uncommon) situations, a single SQL statement may return multiple result sets and/or update counts. Normally you can ignore this unless you are (1) executing a stored procedure that you know may return multiple results or (2) you are dynamically executing an unknown SQL string.

      The execute method executes an SQL statement and indicates the form of the first result. You must then use the methods getResultSet or getUpdateCount to retrieve the result, and getMoreResults to move to any subsequent result(s).

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      Parameters:
      sql - any SQL statement
      autoGeneratedKeys - a constant indicating whether auto-generated keys should be made available for retrieval using the method getGeneratedKeys; one of the following constants: Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS or Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS
      Returns:
      true if the first result is a ResultSet object; false if it is an update count or there are no results
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement, the second parameter supplied to this method is not Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS or Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if the JDBC driver does not support this method with a constant of Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
      Since:
      1.4
      See Also:

    • execute

      boolean execute(String sql, int[] columnIndexes) throws SQLException
      Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results, and signals the driver that the auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available for retrieval. This array contains the indexes of the columns in the target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

      Under some (uncommon) situations, a single SQL statement may return multiple result sets and/or update counts. Normally you can ignore this unless you are (1) executing a stored procedure that you know may return multiple results or (2) you are dynamically executing an unknown SQL string.

      The execute method executes an SQL statement and indicates the form of the first result. You must then use the methods getResultSet or getUpdateCount to retrieve the result, and getMoreResults to move to any subsequent result(s).

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      Parameters:
      sql - any SQL statement
      columnIndexes - an array of the indexes of the columns in the inserted row that should be made available for retrieval by a call to the method getGeneratedKeys
      Returns:
      true if the first result is a ResultSet object; false if it is an update count or there are no results
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement, the elements in the int array passed to this method are not valid column indexes, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if the JDBC driver does not support this method
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
      Since:
      1.4
      See Also:

    • execute

      boolean execute(String sql, String[] columnNames) throws SQLException
      Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results, and signals the driver that the auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available for retrieval. This array contains the names of the columns in the target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

      In some (uncommon) situations, a single SQL statement may return multiple result sets and/or update counts. Normally you can ignore this unless you are (1) executing a stored procedure that you know may return multiple results or (2) you are dynamically executing an unknown SQL string.

      The execute method executes an SQL statement and indicates the form of the first result. You must then use the methods getResultSet or getUpdateCount to retrieve the result, and getMoreResults to move to any subsequent result(s).

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      Parameters:
      sql - any SQL statement
      columnNames - an array of the names of the columns in the inserted row that should be made available for retrieval by a call to the method getGeneratedKeys
      Returns:
      true if the next result is a ResultSet object; false if it is an update count or there are no more results
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement,the elements of the String array passed to this method are not valid column names, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if the JDBC driver does not support this method
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
      Since:
      1.4
      See Also:

    • getResultSetHoldability

      int getResultSetHoldability() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the result set holdability for ResultSet objects generated by this Statement object.
      Returns:
      either ResultSet.HOLD_CURSORS_OVER_COMMIT or ResultSet.CLOSE_CURSORS_AT_COMMIT
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      Since:
      1.4

    • isClosed

      boolean isClosed() throws SQLException
      Retrieves whether this Statement object has been closed. A Statement is closed if the method close has been called on it, or if it is automatically closed.
      Returns:
      true if this Statement object is closed; false if it is still open
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs
      Since:
      1.6

    • setPoolable

      void setPoolable(boolean poolable) throws SQLException
      Requests that a Statement be pooled or not pooled. The value specified is a hint to the statement pool implementation indicating whether the application wants the statement to be pooled. It is up to the statement pool manager as to whether the hint is used.

      The poolable value of a statement is applicable to both internal statement caches implemented by the driver and external statement caches implemented by application servers and other applications.

      By default, a Statement is not poolable when created, and a PreparedStatement and CallableStatement are poolable when created.

      Parameters:
      poolable - requests that the statement be pooled if true and that the statement not be pooled if false
      Throws:
      SQLException - if this method is called on a closed Statement
      Since:
      1.6

    • isPoolable

      boolean isPoolable() throws SQLException
      Returns a value indicating whether the Statement is poolable or not.
      Returns:
      true if the Statement is poolable; false otherwise
      Throws:
      SQLException - if this method is called on a closed Statement
      Since:
      1.6
      See Also:

    • closeOnCompletion

      void closeOnCompletion() throws SQLException
      Specifies that this Statement will be closed when all its dependent result sets are closed. If execution of the Statement does not produce any result sets, this method has no effect.

      Note: Multiple calls to closeOnCompletion do not toggle the effect on this Statement. However, a call to closeOnCompletion does effect both the subsequent execution of statements, and statements that currently have open, dependent, result sets.

      Throws:
      SQLException - if this method is called on a closed Statement
      Since:
      1.7

    • isCloseOnCompletion

      boolean isCloseOnCompletion() throws SQLException
      Returns a value indicating whether this Statement will be closed when all its dependent result sets are closed.
      Returns:
      true if the Statement will be closed when all of its dependent result sets are closed; false otherwise
      Throws:
      SQLException - if this method is called on a closed Statement
      Since:
      1.7

    • getLargeUpdateCount

      default long getLargeUpdateCount() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the current result as an update count; if the result is a ResultSet object or there are no more results, -1 is returned. This method should be called only once per result.

      This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE.

      The default implementation will throw UnsupportedOperationException

      Returns:
      the current result as an update count; -1 if the current result is a ResultSet object or there are no more results
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      Since:
      1.8
      See Also:

    • setLargeMaxRows

      default void setLargeMaxRows(long max) throws SQLException
      Sets the limit for the maximum number of rows that any ResultSet object generated by this Statement object can contain to the given number. If the limit is exceeded, the excess rows are silently dropped.

      This method should be used when the row limit may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE.

      The default implementation will throw UnsupportedOperationException

      Parameters:
      max - the new max rows limit; zero means there is no limit
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement or the condition max >= 0 is not satisfied
      Since:
      1.8
      See Also:

    • getLargeMaxRows

      default long getLargeMaxRows() throws SQLException
      Retrieves the maximum number of rows that a ResultSet object produced by this Statement object can contain. If this limit is exceeded, the excess rows are silently dropped.

      This method should be used when the returned row limit may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE.

      The default implementation will return 0

      Returns:
      the current maximum number of rows for a ResultSet object produced by this Statement object; zero means there is no limit
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed Statement
      Since:
      1.8
      See Also:

    • executeLargeBatch

      default long[] executeLargeBatch() throws SQLException
      Submits a batch of commands to the database for execution and if all commands execute successfully, returns an array of update counts. The long elements of the array that is returned are ordered to correspond to the commands in the batch, which are ordered according to the order in which they were added to the batch. The elements in the array returned by the method executeLargeBatch may be one of the following:
      1. A number greater than or equal to zero -- indicates that the command was processed successfully and is an update count giving the number of rows in the database that were affected by the command's execution
      2. A value of SUCCESS_NO_INFO -- indicates that the command was processed successfully but that the number of rows affected is unknown

        If one of the commands in a batch update fails to execute properly, this method throws a BatchUpdateException, and a JDBC driver may or may not continue to process the remaining commands in the batch. However, the driver's behavior must be consistent with a particular DBMS, either always continuing to process commands or never continuing to process commands. If the driver continues processing after a failure, the array returned by the method BatchUpdateException.getLargeUpdateCounts will contain as many elements as there are commands in the batch, and at least one of the elements will be the following:

      3. A value of EXECUTE_FAILED -- indicates that the command failed to execute successfully and occurs only if a driver continues to process commands after a command fails

      This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE.

      The default implementation will throw UnsupportedOperationException

      Returns:
      an array of update counts containing one element for each command in the batch. The elements of the array are ordered according to the order in which commands were added to the batch.
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement or the driver does not support batch statements. Throws BatchUpdateException (a subclass of SQLException) if one of the commands sent to the database fails to execute properly or attempts to return a result set.
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
      Since:
      1.8
      See Also:

    • executeLargeUpdate

      default long executeLargeUpdate(String sql) throws SQLException
      Executes the given SQL statement, which may be an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as an SQL DDL statement.

      This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE.

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      The default implementation will throw UnsupportedOperationException

      Parameters:
      sql - an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as a DDL statement.
      Returns:
      either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement, the given SQL statement produces a ResultSet object, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
      Since:
      1.8

    • executeLargeUpdate

      default long executeLargeUpdate(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys) throws SQLException
      Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver with the given flag about whether the auto-generated keys produced by this Statement object should be made available for retrieval. The driver will ignore the flag if the SQL statement is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

      This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE.

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      The default implementation will throw SQLFeatureNotSupportedException

      Parameters:
      sql - an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as a DDL statement.
      autoGeneratedKeys - a flag indicating whether auto-generated keys should be made available for retrieval; one of the following constants: Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS
      Returns:
      either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement, the given SQL statement returns a ResultSet object, the given constant is not one of those allowed, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if the JDBC driver does not support this method with a constant of Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
      Since:
      1.8

    • executeLargeUpdate

      default long executeLargeUpdate(String sql, int[] columnIndexes) throws SQLException
      Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available for retrieval. This array contains the indexes of the columns in the target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

      This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE.

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      The default implementation will throw SQLFeatureNotSupportedException

      Parameters:
      sql - an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as a DDL statement.
      columnIndexes - an array of column indexes indicating the columns that should be returned from the inserted row
      Returns:
      either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement, the SQL statement returns a ResultSet object,the second argument supplied to this method is not an int array whose elements are valid column indexes, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if the JDBC driver does not support this method
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
      Since:
      1.8

    • executeLargeUpdate

      default long executeLargeUpdate(String sql, String[] columnNames) throws SQLException
      Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available for retrieval. This array contains the names of the columns in the target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

      This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE.

      Note:This method cannot be called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.

      The default implementation will throw SQLFeatureNotSupportedException

      Parameters:
      sql - an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as a DDL statement.
      columnNames - an array of the names of the columns that should be returned from the inserted row
      Returns:
      either the row count for INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statements, or 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
      Throws:
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs, this method is called on a closed Statement, the SQL statement returns a ResultSet object, the second argument supplied to this method is not a String array whose elements are valid column names, the method is called on a PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if the JDBC driver does not support this method
      SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
      Since:
      1.8

    • enquoteLiteral

      default String enquoteLiteral(String val) throws SQLException
      Returns a String enclosed in single quotes. Any occurrence of a single quote within the string will be replaced by two single quotes.
      Examples of the conversion:
      ValueResult
      Hello 'Hello'
      G'Day 'G''Day'
      'G''Day' '''G''''Day'''
      I'''M 'I''''''M'
      Implementation Note:
      JDBC driver implementations may need to provide their own implementation of this method in order to meet the requirements of the underlying datasource.
      Parameters:
      val - a character string
      Returns:
      A string enclosed by single quotes with every single quote converted to two single quotes
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - if val is null
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs
      Since:
      9

    • enquoteIdentifier

      default String enquoteIdentifier(String identifier, boolean alwaysQuote) throws SQLException
      Returns a SQL identifier. If identifier is a simple SQL identifier:
      • Return the original value if alwaysQuote is false
      • Return a delimited identifier if alwaysQuote is true
      If identifier is not a simple SQL identifier, identifier will be enclosed in double quotes if not already present. If the datasource does not support double quotes for delimited identifiers, the identifier should be enclosed by the string returned from DatabaseMetaData.getIdentifierQuoteString(). If the datasource does not support delimited identifiers, a SQLFeatureNotSupportedException should be thrown.

      A SQLException will be thrown if identifier contains any characters invalid in a delimited identifier or the identifier length is invalid for the datasource.

      Implementation Requirements:
      The default implementation uses the following criteria to determine a valid simple SQL identifier:
      • The string is not enclosed in double quotes
      • The first character is an alphabetic character from a through z, or from A through Z
      • The name only contains alphanumeric characters or the character "_"
      The default implementation will throw a SQLException if:
      • identifier contains a null character or double quote and is not a simple SQL identifier.
      • The length of identifier is less than 1 or greater than 128 characters
      Examples of the conversion:
      identifier alwaysQuote Result
      Hello false Hello
      Hello true "Hello"
      G'Day false "G'Day"
      "Bruce Wayne" false "Bruce Wayne"
      "Bruce Wayne" true "Bruce Wayne"
      GoodDay$ false "GoodDay$"
      Hello"World false SQLException
      "Hello"World" false SQLException
      Implementation Note:
      JDBC driver implementations may need to provide their own implementation of this method in order to meet the requirements of the underlying datasource.
      Parameters:
      identifier - a SQL identifier
      alwaysQuote - indicates if a simple SQL identifier should be returned as a quoted identifier
      Returns:
      A simple SQL identifier or a delimited identifier
      Throws:
      SQLException - if identifier is not a valid identifier
      SQLFeatureNotSupportedException - if the datasource does not support delimited identifiers
      NullPointerException - if identifier is null
      Since:
      9

    • isSimpleIdentifier

      default boolean isSimpleIdentifier(String identifier) throws SQLException
      Retrieves whether identifier is a simple SQL identifier.
      Implementation Requirements:
      The default implementation uses the following criteria to determine a valid simple SQL identifier:
      • The string is not enclosed in double quotes
      • The first character is an alphabetic character from a through z, or from A through Z
      • The string only contains alphanumeric characters or the character "_"
      • The string is between 1 and 128 characters in length inclusive
      Examples of the conversion:
      identifier Simple Identifier
      Hello true
      G'Day false
      "Bruce Wayne" false
      GoodDay$ false
      Hello"World false
      "Hello"World" false
      Implementation Note:
      JDBC driver implementations may need to provide their own implementation of this method in order to meet the requirements of the underlying datasource.
      Parameters:
      identifier - a SQL identifier
      Returns:
      true if a simple SQL identifier, false otherwise
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - if identifier is null
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs
      Since:
      9

    • enquoteNCharLiteral

      default String enquoteNCharLiteral(String val) throws SQLException
      Returns a String representing a National Character Set Literal enclosed in single quotes and prefixed with a upper case letter N. Any occurrence of a single quote within the string will be replaced by two single quotes.
      Examples of the conversion:
      Value Result
      Hello N'Hello'
      G'Day N'G''Day'
      'G''Day' N'''G''''Day'''
      I'''M N'I''''''M'
      N'Hello' N'N''Hello'''
      Implementation Note:
      JDBC driver implementations may need to provide their own implementation of this method in order to meet the requirements of the underlying datasource. An implementation of enquoteNCharLiteral may accept a different set of characters than that accepted by the same drivers implementation of enquoteLiteral.
      Parameters:
      val - a character string
      Returns:
      the result of replacing every single quote character in the argument by two single quote characters where this entire result is then prefixed with 'N'.
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - if val is null
      SQLException - if a database access error occurs
      Since:
      9